The world is witnessing the worst refugee crisis(难民危机) since World War II. Tens of thousands of people are fleeing civil war and unrest(动荡) to find new homes in Europe — sometimes with sad consequences(后果).
On Aug 27, Austrian officials found the dead bodies of 71 Syrian migrants(移民) in a deserted truck near Austrian-Hungarian border, just as European leaders were holding a meeting in Vienna to figure out how to deal with the refugee crisis. On the same day, 200 migrants were found dead and 200 rescued as two boats packed with refugees sank off the coast of Libya, according to media reports.
The terms “migrant” and “refugee” are often used interchangeably. But there’s a big difference between them, says an article in the Atlantic magazine. Here is how the United Nations defines refugees:
“Refugees are persons fleeing armed conflict( 武 装 冲 突 ) or ill-treatment. Their situation is often so dangerous and intolerable that they cross national borders to search for safety in nearby countries. …These are people for whom denial(拒绝) of protection has possibly deadly consequences.”
Migrants, on the other hand, move mainly to improve their lives by finding work, or for education, family reunion or other reasons, said the agency.
Countries should offer refugees certain protections under their international treaty obligations(条约义务).
This is why some states hesitate to admit those people who are fleeing unrest in their home countries.
When talking about refugee and immigration problems, many media outlets use “illegal immigrant”. Critics say that it gives the impression that it’s the person that is illegal rather than their actions. The UN and the EU parliament have called for an end to the phrase, the BBC reported.
54．The differences between “refugee” and “migrant” are written with the purpose of _____.
A．defining the two words clearly
B．indicating why some states are not willing to admit refugees
C．showing that refugees are more than migrants
D．urging European countries to accept more refugees
55．According to the text “refugee” differs from “migrant” because _____.
① they both cross national borders but with different purposes
② refugees are illegal while migrants are legal
③ refugees may face deadly consequences while migrants are relatively safe
④ refugees are treated badly while migrants are highly respected
A．①④ B．①③ C．②③④ D．①③④
56．According to the text, what may be discussed in the next several paragraphs?
A．Explanations for “illegal immigrant”.
B．Examples about the refugee crisis in Europe.
C．Measures to offer refugee protections.
D．Causes of the refugee crisis in Europe.
54．B
55．B
56．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。世界正在经历二战以来最严重的难民危机。成千上万的人正在逃离内战和动乱，到欧洲寻找新的家园——有时会带来悲惨的后果。文章讲述难民和移民的区别。
54．推理判断题。根据第三段The terms “migrant” and “refugee” are often used interchangeably. But there’s a big difference between them, says an article in the Atlantic magazine. Here is how the United Nations defines refugees: “Refugees are persons fleeing armed conflict( 武 装 冲 突 ) or ill-treatment. Their situation is often so dangerous and intolerable that they cross national borders to search for safety in nearby countries. …These are people for whom denial(拒绝) of protection has possibly deadly consequences.” “移民”和“难民”这两个词经常互换使用。但是《大西洋》杂志的一篇文章说，它们之间有很大的区别。联合国是这样定义难民的:“难民是逃离武装冲突或虐待的人。他们的处境常常是如此危险和难以忍受，以至于他们跨越国界到邻近国家寻求安全。对这些人来说，拒绝保护可能会带来致命的后果。”由此可知，讲述“难民”和“移民”之间的区别是为了说明为什么有些国家不愿意接纳难民。故选B。
55．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Refugees are persons fleeing armed conflict( 武 装 冲 突 ) or ill-treatment. Their situation is often so dangerous and intolerable that they cross national borders to search for safety in nearby countries. …These are people for whom denial(拒绝) of protection has possibly deadly consequences.” “难民是逃离武装冲突或虐待的人。他们的处境常常是如此危险和难以忍受，以至于他们跨越国界到邻近国家寻求安全。对这些人来说，拒绝保护可能会带来致命的后果。”和第四段Migrants, on the other hand, move mainly to improve their lives by finding work, or for education, family reunion or other reasons, said the agency.“另一方面，该机构表示，移民主要是为了找到工作、接受教育、家庭团聚或其他原因来改善生活。”由此推知，根据文本，“难民”不同于“移民”，因为他们都跨越国界，但有不同的目的，并且难民可能面临致命的后果，而移民是相对安全的。故选B。
56．推理判断题。根据最后一段When talking about refugee and immigration problems, many media outlets use “illegal immigrant”. Critics say that it gives the impression that it’s the person that is illegal rather than their actions. The UN and the EU parliament have called for an end to the phrase, the BBC reported.“在谈到难民和移民问题时，许多媒体使用‘非法移民’一词。批评人士说，这给人的印象是，违法的是那个人，而不是他们的行为。据英国广播公司报道，联合国和欧盟议会呼吁废除这一说法。”由此推知，接下来的几段可能讨论“提供难民保护的措施”。故选C。
【点睛】
做推理判断题时，要求考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第3小题，根据最后一段When talking about refugee and immigration problems, many media outlets use “illegal immigrant”. Critics say that it gives the impression that it’s the person that is illegal rather than their actions. The UN and the EU parliament have called for an end to the phrase, the BBC reported.“在谈到难民和移民问题时，许多媒体使用‘非法移民’一词。批评人士说，这给人的印象是，违法的是那个人，而不是他们的行为。据英国广播公司报道，联合国和欧盟议会呼吁废除这一说法。”由此推知，接下来的几段可能讨论“提供难民保护的措施”。故选C。
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