Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.艺术节开幕式上学生的演出真是太棒了!(performance)
2.图书管理员提醒新生,杂志阅毕要放回原处。(where)
3.只有耐得住寂寞,并不断挑战自我,才能更好地为未来做准备。(Only)
4.做自我介绍时,不必面面俱到,而要突出你的与众不同之处。(distinguish)
1.How wonderful/terrific the students’ performance at the opening ceremony of the Art Festival was!
// What wonderful/terrific performance the students put on/presented/gave at the opening ceremony of the Art Festival!
2.The librarian reminded the freshmen to put the magazines where they were/belonged/lay after finishing reading them.
// The librarian reminded the freshmen that they should put the magazines where they were/belonged/lay after finishing reading them.
3.Only when we can endure loneliness and challenge ourselves constantly can we better prepare for the future.
// Only by enduring loneliness and challenging ourselves constantly can we better prepare for the future.
(can we be better prepared/can we better prepare ourselves)
4.When making self-introductions, you don’t need to present/cover all the aspects/details about yourself; instead, you should highlight/underline/emphasize/stress what distinguishes you from others.
【分析】
本题考查翻译句子,注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。
1.考查感叹句。根据句意可知本句使用感叹句,其基本形式有两种,即“what+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语/what +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”或“how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”,语境表明事情发生在过去,用一般过去时,故翻译为:How wonderful/terrific the students’ performance at the opening ceremony of the Art Festival was!// What wonderful/terrific performance the students put on/presented/gave at the opening ceremony of the Art Festival!
2.考查地点状语从句/虚拟语气。remind sb to do sth表示“提醒某人做某事”,语境表明事情发生在过去,应该用一般过去时,也可用remind that…,但注意remind后的宾语从句要用(should) do的虚拟语气,根据句意可知本句使用where引导地点状语从句,表示“在/到……的地方”,故翻译为:The librarian reminded the freshmen to put the magazines where they were/belonged/lay after finishing reading them. // The librarian reminded the freshmen that they should put the magazines where they were/belonged/lay after finishing reading them.
3.考查倒装。Only+状语(从句)位于句首时,要采用部分倒装,如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不到装,故翻译为: Only when we can endure loneliness and challenge ourselves constantly can we better prepare for the future. // Only by enduring loneliness and challenging ourselves constantly can we better prepare for the future. (can we be better prepared/can we better prepare ourselves)
4.考查状语从句的省略和宾语从句。distinguish A from B表示“把A和B区分开来”,根据句意可知本句使用when引导时间状语从句,而且从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式,因此可省略从句的主语和be,you和make之间是主动关系,从句相当于省略了you are,同时“突出”后使用宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,应该用what引导,故翻译为:When making self-introductions, you don’t need to present/cover all the aspects/details about yourself; instead, you should highlight/underline/emphasize/stress what distinguishes you from others.
一般过去时的概念:
一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
一般过去时的用法:
1、表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去时间的副词如:yesterday,last week,two hours ago等连用。
如:My family moved here five years ago. 我家五年前搬到了这里。
I was born in 1973. 我生于1973年。
2、表示过去一段时间经常或反复发生的动作。这时可与频度副词如:often,usually,always等连用。
如:He always worked in tonight those days. 那些日子他总是工作到深夜。
I often left on business in 1987. 1987年我经常出差。
注:表示“过去经常,而今不再”时,要用usedto.
如:I used to read newspaper after breakfast. 我过去经常早饭后看报纸。(意指现在已不是这样)
The children often swam in this river. 孩子们过去经常在这条河里游泳。
3、表示过去发生的一连串动作。
如:He put down the heavy box, took out the keys, and opened the door. 他放下这沉重的箱子,掏出钥匙开了房门。
注:过去发生的一连串动作,若用and,or,but等并列连词连接,则一律用过去式。
如:They moved the chairs to the table, sat down and began to have supper. 他们把椅子搬到桌边,坐下开始吃饭。
4、在时间和条件状语从句中,用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作。
如:He said that he would let me know as soon as he got the information. 他说他一得到消息就立即让我知道。
Mary told me that she would stay at home if it rained. 玛丽告诉我如果下雨她就呆在家里。
一般过去时的特别用法:
1、句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。
例如:It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。
It is time that sb.did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"。
例如:It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
2、would(had)rather sb.did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。
例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow. 还是明天来吧。
3、wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。
例如:I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义:她已不在人间。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义:她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)
注意:用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend等。
例如:Did you want any thing else? 您还要些什么吗?
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。
2)情态动词could, would。
例如:Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车,能借用一些吗?
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