句子翻译
1.是两名乘客拯救了我们所有人。(强调句型)
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2.我们很确定这是一个你想参加的游戏。(定语从句)
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3.我确实理解你想尽快提高你的汉语。(do强调谓语动词)
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4.这是他第一次赢得这个头衔。(It is/was the first time that +从句)
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5.三个月前他来到这里时,他发现很难和室友相处得很好。(find it + adj. + to do sth.)
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1. It was two passengers who/that saved all of us.
2. We are pretty sure this is a game (that) you want to join in.
3. I do understand that you want to improve your Chinese as soon as possible.
4. It is the first time that he has won the title.
5. He found it hard to get along well with his roommates when he came here three months ago.
【解析】
1.考查强调句。强调句句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余成分。根据句意可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应使用一般过去时,关键词passenger“乘客”,save“拯救”。故译为It was two passengers who/that saved all of us.
2.考查定语从句。根据句意可知,本句主句为“我们很确定这是一个游戏”,定语从句为“你想参加的”,先行词为“游戏”,关键词(组)be pretty sure“很确定”,join in“参加”。故译为We are pretty sure this is a game (that) you want to join in
3.考查do强调谓语动词。do强调谓语时,位于谓语之前,根据主语有主谓一致或时态的变化,谓语动词还原为原形。关键词(组)understand “理解”,improve your Chinese“提高你的汉语”,as soon as possible“尽可能快地”。故译为I do understand that you want to improve your Chinese as soon as possible.
4.考查固定句型。It is/was the first time that +从句“这是某人第一次做某事”,从句位于动词要用完成时。根据句意可知,此处主句应使用一般现在时,从句使用现在完成时。关键词title“头衔”。故译为It is the first time that he has won the title.
5.考查it做形式宾语。find it + adj. + to do sth.“发现做某事是怎么样的”,此结构中it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。根据句意可知,此处应使用一般过去时,关键词(组)hard“困难”,get along well with“和……相处得好”,three months ago“三个月前”。故译为He found it hard to get along well with his roommates when he came here three months ago.
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力;适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
Passage outline | Supporting details |
The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51.. |
52. with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53. old men’s premature death. • When 54. from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55. activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56. to them. • Think about how to57. depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58., to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59.to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60. social life. |