翻译句子
1．Jack坐在窗边，眼睛直盯着安静的街道。(stare)
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2．她本来打算赶早班火车，但是没有及时起床。(intend)
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3．她刚刚如此全神贯注于工作，以至于没有听见有人在敲门。(so…that...)
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4．正是我们的校长说的话对我们产生了很大的影 响。(强调句型)
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5．老师对待我像对待她自己的孩子一样。(as if)
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6．我以前见过他，但想不起他的名字了。(escape)
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7．窗边坐着一位老人，手里拿着一本杂志。(完全倒装)
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8．他拒绝参加会议的原因是他没有被邀请。(介词+关系词)
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1．Jack sat by the window, staring at the quiet street.
2．She had intended to catch the early train, but she didn't get up in time.
3．She was so absorbed in her job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door just now.
4．It was what our headmaster said that had a great effect on us.
5．The teacher treats me as if I were her own child.
6．I've met him before, but his name escapes me.
7．By the window sat an old man with a magazine in his hand.
8．The reason for which he refused to attend the meeting was that he hadn't been invited.
【分析】
1．考查现在分词做伴随状语。句中有两个动作sit和stare，故可将stare用作现在分词作状语，伴随sit同时发生，该句用一般过去时态，故可译为Jack sat by the window, staring at the quiet street. 。
2．考查过去完成时。intend等动词用于过去完成式，表示“本打算做某事（而实际上没有做）”，根据汉语提示，可知 “因为没有及时起床，她没有赶上早班火车”，故本句语境符合，故可译为She had intended to catch the early train, but she didn't get up in time.。
3．考查so… that…引导的结果状语从句。so… that…意为“如此…以至于…”,根据本句汉语提示可知，她“全神贯注于工作”的结果是“没有听见有人在敲门”，故该句可译为She was so absorbed in her job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door just now.。
4．考查强调句型。强调句型的格式为“It is/ was + 被强调的部分+ that + 其他”，该句型常用来强调句中的主语，宾语状语等，根据汉语提示，可知本句强调了主语what our headmaster said （我们的校长说的话），“产生很大影响”对应的短语为have a great effect on…，本句用一般过去时态，故可译为It was what our headmaster said that had a great effect on us.。
5．考查as if引导的虚拟语气。本句中“像对待她自己的孩子一样”应用as if引导的方式状语从句，且用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式，系动词用were，故可译为The teacher treats me as if I were her own child.。
6．考查动词用法。本句考查escape固定搭配sth. escape sb. 意为“某人忘掉/忽视/未注意到”， 引申理解为“某人想不起来”了，故该句可译为I've met him before, but his name escapes me.。
7．考查完全倒装。地点状语（by the window）置于句首，且谓语动词（sit）为表状态的不及物动词且主语为名词（an old man）时，该句可以用完全倒装句式，根据汉语提示，本句符合该句型，用一般过去时态，故可译为By the window sat an old man with a magazine in his hand.。
8．考查定语从句。本句可以使用固定句型“The reason why/for which … is/ was that…”，意为“…的原因是…”，其中主语reason，其后带有定语从句，reason作为先行词在定语从句中作原因状语，通常用关系副词why引导，而此处why等于for which，故该句可译为The reason for which he refused to attend the meeting was that he hadn't been invited.。
【点睛】
小题7考查完全倒装。关于完全倒装应注意以下几点：
当表运动、方位的副词（如in, down, off, over, round, away, up, out等）或地点状语，或地点与时间副词there, here, now, then放在句首时，且谓语动词是come, go ， be, follow, exist, fall, lie, remain, seem, stand等表移动或动态或状态（存在）的不及物动词，主语为名词时，句子一般用完全倒装的形式。这种语序里，一般使用一般现在时或一般过去时。
如：The door opened, and in came Tom. 这是地点副词in放在句首，谓语come放在主语Tom之前形成完成倒装。
Here comes the taxi.
There lived a man known by the name of Tom.
There appeared to be a woman in red in the distance.
当主语为人称代词时，不倒装。
如：Away he went.
另外，倒装句中的谓语动词come, go不能用进行时态。
过去完成时的概念：
过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情，也可表示过去某个时间或动作之 前所发生的动作一直持续到过去某个时间。过去完成时由“had+过去分词”构成。
如：She had leant 2000 English words by the end of last month.
过去完成时的应用：
（1）与过去完成时连用的时间状语可以多种多样，使用它的主要依据是看其是否发生在“过去的过去”。
如：He had learnt some English before I went here. 在来这儿之前我学过一些英语。
He had written three stories by last year.到去年他已经写了三篇故事。
We had cleaned the room when he got there. 当他到那儿时，我们已经把房子弄干净了。
He went there after he had finished his work. 他把事做完之后，就去哪儿了。
注意：当主句跟由before, after, as soon as所引导的时间从句的动作连接很紧密时，从句也可用一般过去时。
如：He went there after he read the letter. 他看了那封信后就去那儿了。
（2）过去完成时还经常用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。
如：He said he had been a soldier. 他说他当过兵。
They said they had seen the film. 他们说这幕电影他们看过。
（3）在hardly/scarcely…when…,nosooner…than…两个结构中的主句通常要用过去完成时。
如：Hardly had I told her the news when she began to cry out. 她一听到这一消息就大哭了起来。
Scarcely had he finished his supper when he went out. 他已吃完晚饭就出去了。
No sooner had he fallen asleep than he lay down on the bed. 他一躺倒床上就睡着了。
（4）动词expect, hope, suppose, think, want等的过去完成时可用来表示未实现的计划、打算或希望。
如：I had hoped to see you. 我本希望来看你。
He had wanted to buy a house in Beijing. 他本想在北京买栋房子。
过去完成时与一般过去时：
（1）过去完成时表示以过去某时间为起点以前所发生的动作或存在的状态，即：过去完成时强调“过去的过去”，而一般过去时只表示以现在时间为起点以前所发生的事情或存在的状态。
如：He studied there two years ago. 他在那儿学习了两年。(离现在两年)
He said he had studied there two years ago. 他说他在那儿学习了两年。(离他说话时两年)
（2）表示过去某个时间以前所连续发生的两个或两个以上的动作时，一般用and, then, but按照动作的先后顺序连接，此时通常用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。
如：He said he went the shop and bought some food. 他说他去商店买了一些食品。
（3）两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。
如：When I heard the news, I was very excited.
（4）叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。
如：Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in1492.
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