翻译句子
1.被邀请去听那个著名的科学家的演讲,他们感到很荣幸。(be honored to)
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2.震后我们设法把困在废墟中的学生救了出来。(have sb. done)
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3.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。(both...and)
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4.水看起来好像不太干净,不能在里面游泳。(adj. +enough)
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5.在大学时,我结交了许多外国朋友,其中大部分来自美国。(定语从句)
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6.他说话带有很重的口音,这很难让我们明白。(be +形容词+for sb. to do)
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1.They were honored to be invited to attend the famous scientists lecture.
2.After the earthquake, we managed to have the students trapped in ruins rescued.
3.Both New York and London have traffic problems.
4.The water looks as if it isn't clean enough to swim in.
5.During the college, I made lots of foreign friends, most of whom are from America.
6.He spoke with a very strong accent, which was hard for us to understand.
【分析】
做翻译题要从整体考虑,注重文化差异,以保证译文语法结构的完整,和译文意思的明确。
1.根据本句汉语意思,说的是过去的事情,所以短语be honored to do sth.(做某事是很荣幸的)要用一般过去时态,故答案是They were honored to be invited to attend the famous scientists lecture.
2.根据本句汉语意思,说的是过去的事情,所以要用一般过去时态;用短语have sb. done表示“让学生被营救”,其中过去分词rescued是宾语补足语,与宾语the students之间是被动关系,故答案是After the earthquake, we managed to have the students trapped in ruins rescued.
3.根据本句汉语意思,说的是一般状况,所以要用一般现在时态;而短语both…and..连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,故答案是Both New York and London have traffic problems.
4.根据本句汉语意思,说的是一般状况,所以要用一般现在时态;从句中用it作形式主语,真正的主语是后边的不定式,注意副词enough修饰形容词时要放在其后边。故答案是The water looks as if it isn't clean enough to swim in.
5.根据本句汉语意思,主句说的是过去的事情,所以要用一般过去时态;而定语从句中说这些人中大部分都来自美国,是客观事实,仍然用一般现在时态;又因为引导词位于介词of后,所以只能用宾格形式,故答案是During the college, I made lots of foreign friends, most of whom are from America.
6.根据本句汉语意思,说的是过去的事情,所以要用一般过去时态;而在句型be +形容词+for sb. to do中,主语是不定式结构的逻辑宾语,要用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义,常用 的形容词有easy, hard和difficult等。故答案是He spoke with a very strong accent, which was hard for us to understand.
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力;适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
Passage outline | Supporting details |
The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51.. |
52. with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53. old men’s premature death. • When 54. from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55. activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56. to them. • Think about how to57. depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58., to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59.to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60. social life. |