按给出的中文意思,用括号内所给的英语,翻译下列句子。
1.站在门口的小伙子在音乐方面很有天赋。(gift)
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2.显然,你应当为自己的行为向老师道歉。(obvious; apologize)
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3.父母们非常重视教育,希望他们的孩子可以受到良好的教育。(attach)
___________________________________________________________________________4.与他争论是没用的,因为他非常固执。(argue)
___________________________________________________________________________5.尽管Amy发现学钢琴很难,但她还是设法坚持了下来。(manage)
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1.The young man (who is) standing at the door has a gift for music.
2.It is obvious that you should apologize to your teacher for what you have done.
3.Parents attach great/much importance to education, and they hope their children can receive/get a good education.
4.It is no use arguing/useless to argue with him as/because he is very stubborn.
5.Although/Though Amy found it difficult/hard to learn to play the piano, she managed to keep going.
【解析】
1.这里含有一个定语从句,先行词是The young man,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,have a gift for对…有天赋,该用法是固定用法,所以填The young man who is standing at the door has a gift for music. 也可以认为是现在分词作定语,“这个小伙子”和“站在门口”之间是主动关系,用现在分词短语作定语,所以填The young man standing at the door has a gift for music.
2.It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的主语从句。apologize to sb. for sth.因为某事向某人道歉,该用法是固定用法。这里含有一个宾语从句,引导词在从句中作宾语,用what,所以填It is obvious that you should apologize to your teacher for what you have done.
3.attach great/much importance to非常重视,该用法是固定用法。这里含有一个省略了that的宾语从句,所以填Parents attach great/much importance to education, and they hope their children can receive/get a good education.
4.It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式,所以填It is no use arguing/useless to argue with him as/because he is very stubborn.
5.it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式结构。manage to do sth. 设法完成某事,该用法是固定用法,所以填Although/Though Amy found it difficult/hard to learn to play the piano, she managed to keep going.
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力;适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
Passage outline | Supporting details |
The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51.. |
52. with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53. old men’s premature death. • When 54. from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55. activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56. to them. • Think about how to57. depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58., to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59.to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60. social life. |