句子翻译
1．当SARS爆发时，突然的恐惧迅速地弥漫全国。(break out)
2．只要更努力，你终久会成功。(in time)
3．他们尽力使那些遭遇地震不幸的人们高兴起来。(cheer up)
4．我们应该想办法防止有害气体的蔓延。(prevent… from)
5．她发现河面上有奇怪的东西浮着，这使她感到非常害怕。(float)
6．运动员没有听从教练员的指令，结果使他打赢比赛的计划落空。(disappoint)
7．随后它会变成什么曾经是一个迷，直到最后这团尘埃开始慢慢地合成一个环绕太阳运转的球状物。(combine into)
8．在未来的千百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
9．有些奇怪的动物会生蛋，但又给它的幼崽喂奶。(lay eggs)
10．当对他们有害的动物消失时，哺乳动物便快速繁殖。(multiply)
1．When SARS broke out, a sudden fear spread out quickly all over the country.
2．Try harder, and you can succeed in time.
3．They tried their best to cheer up those unfortunate people suffering from the earthquake.
4．We should find some ways to prevent the harmful gas from spreading.
5．She found something unusual floating on the surface of the river, which quite frightened her.
6．The players didn't follow the director's instructions and disappointed his plan to win the game/ which disappointed his plan to win the game.
7．What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.
8．Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
9．Some strange animals lay eggs but feed their young on their milk.
10．The mammals multiplied fast when the animals, harmful to them, disappeared.
【分析】
1．根据汉语提示可知，本句为主从复合句，爆发break out，惊恐fear，弥漫spread out，因而句子为When SARS broke out, a sudden fear spread out quickly all over the country.
2．根据汉语提示可知，本句可以利用“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，因而可以翻译成Try harder, and you can succeed in time.
3．根据汉语提示可知，本句为主从复合句，主句为他们尽力让人们高兴起来，尽力tried their best to，高兴起来cheer up，遭遇suffer from，故翻译为They tried their best to cheer up those unfortunate people suffering from the earthquake.
4．根据汉语提示，句子主干为：我们应该想办法We should find some ways，防止做某事prevent …from doing，故翻译为We should find some ways to prevent the harmful gas from spreading.
5．根据汉语提示可知，本句为主从复合句，主句“她发现河面上有奇怪的东西浮着”，定语从句“这使她感到非常害怕”，发现…漂浮find…floating，故翻译为She found something unusual floating on the surface of the river, which quite frightened her.
6．根据汉语提示，句子主干“运动员没有听从教练员的指令，听从教练的指导”follow the director’s instructions，使他打赢比赛的计划落空disappointed his plan to win the game，故翻译为The players didn’t follow the director’s instructions and disappointed his plan to win the game/ which disappointed his plan to win the game.
7．根据汉语提示可知，本句为主从复合句，主句为它会变成什么曾经是一个迷，What it was to become was a mystery，在该主句中，从句作主语，故为主语从句What it was to become，另外，直到最后这团尘埃开始慢慢地合成一个环绕太阳运转的球状物为时间状语从句，故翻译为What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun。
8．根据汉语提示可知，本句为主从复合句，主句为“这个事情将取决于”，该句共两个从句，第一个为主语从句“生命能否在地球上延续”Whether life will continue on the earth，第二个为宾语从句“这个问题能否得到解决”whether this problem can be solved，在未来的千百万年中millions of years to come，故翻译为Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
9．根据汉语提示可知，下蛋lay eggs，喂奶feed their young on their milk，故翻译为Some strange animals lay eggs but feed their young on their milk.
10．根据汉语提示可知，本句为主从复合句，主句为“哺乳动物便快速繁殖”，时间状语从句“当对他们有害的动物消失时”，哺乳动物mammals，繁殖multiplied，故翻译为The mammals multiplied fast when the animals, harmful to them, disappeared.
【点睛】
翻译句子的做题技巧。翻译句子考查单词和句型的使用，当然也考查句子成分问题。翻译句子，首先要仔细阅读汉语句子，确定句子的主干和句子类型，简单句还是复合句；第二，把句子中涉及到的关键词和句型结构写出来；第三，翻译句子主干，确保句子主干的基本成分完整；第四，把句子剩余部分，以恰当的形式和结构翻译出来，常见的处理方式为非谓语结构，主从复合句或者with复合结构等；第五，检查句子，对比两句意思是否一致。
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.
Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said.
The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力；适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life.
The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.”
Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.
”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. “
Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.
It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said.
| Passage outline | Supporting details |
| The main idea | Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely 51．. |
| 52． with loneliness | • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can 53． old men’s premature death. • When 54． from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. |
| Suggestions | • Keep in touch with others and take part in 55． activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are 56． to them. • Think about how to57． depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to 58．, to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. |
| Conclusions | • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t 59．to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an 60． social life. |