Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.不久之后,这项新的技术就能应用于工业生产。(before)
2.你怎么能指望在合作的过程中依靠一个言而无信的人?(expect)
3.消息传来市中心的一些旧商铺将被拆除,在那儿计划建一幢商务楼。(pull)
4.只有通过有效的监管, 提高市民的意识,共享单车才能起到服务大众,节约资源的作用。(Only)
1.It won’t be long before the new technology is applied to industrial production.
2.How can you expect to rely on a person who never keeps his word in the process of cooperation?
3.Word came that some old shops located in the city center would be pulled down, where an office building was to be built.
4.Only through effective supervision and by improving citizens’ awareness can shared bicycles really serve the public and save resources.
【分析】
1.考查before引导的时间状语从句。分析句子可知,由before引导的时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。从句的主语为 The new technology,谓语为apply to, 宾语为industrial production,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,需要用被动语态。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为:It won’t be long before the new technology is applied to industrial production。
2.考查动词搭配和定语从句。分析句子可知,句子发生在现在,需要用一般现在时。句子的主语为you,谓语为expect,expect to do sth表示“期望做某事”,宾语为person,定语为never keeps his word in the process of cooperation,此处定语是一句话,需要用定语从句,先行词是person,先行词是人,在从句中做主语,所以用关系代词who连接,再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为:How can you expect to rely on a person who never keeps his word in the process of cooperation?
3.考查动词短语和时态。分析句子可知,句子发生在过去,需要用一般过去时,从句表示在过去的时间来看将来将要的事情,需要用过去将来时。从句的主语为 some old shops,谓语为pull down,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,需要用被动语态。本句涉及where引导的非限制性定语从句,再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为:Word came that some old shops located in the city center would be pulled down, where an office building was to be built.
4.考查部分倒装句。分析句子可知,句子陈述现在的事实,需要用一般现在时。主语是shared bicycles,谓语动词是serve and save,宾语是the public和resources。在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语,则主句用倒装结构,这里only后面跟着介词through,主句用倒装结构,把shared bicycles和can调换位置,再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为:Only through effective supervision and by improving citizens’ awareness can shared bicycles really serve the public and save resources.
过去将来时的概念:
过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。过去将来时的出发点是过去,即从过去某一时刻看以后要发生的动作或状态。
过去将来时的结构:
(1)would+动词原形:
如:She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告诉我们说她将一切努力在本期赶上其他同学们。
When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 过去当你请她帮忙时,他绝不会拒绝。
(2)was/were going to+动词原形:
如:He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告诉我说他要参加那次会议。
He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station.他说将要派我去火车站接她
(3)was/were to+动词原形:
如:The building was to be completed next month. 这座建筑改在下个月竣工。
Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李蕾很快就要到了。
(4)was/were about to+动词原形:
如:We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我们要离开时,天突然下起了大雨。
He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中饭的时候,门铃响起来了。
(5)was/were+现在分词:
如:He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了。
We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon. 我们接到通知说领导们很快要来我们学校。
过去将来时的用法:
(1)过去将来时,一般用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。
如:He said he would stay with us. 他说他要与我们呆在一起。
He said he would never go there again. 他说他绝不会再去那儿。
(2)过去将来时,用于虚拟语气中。
如:If I were you, I would not do that. 要是我是你的话,我就不会那样做。
If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在这儿,他就会向我们展示该如何做了。
过去将来时用法拓展:
was/were going to+动词原形;
was/were to+动词原形;
was/were about to+动词原形等结构都可表达当时一种未曾实现的意图或打算。
如:The conference was going to be held the next month. 会议下个月开。
We were to have our class at eight. 八点我们该上课了。
I was about to tell him about it when WuDong go tin. 就在我要告诉他时,吴东进来了。
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