阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the past few years, researchers at Lund University 1 . (publish) several papers on dogs’ ability to detect the warmth of a body without touching it. Their results show that, from 5 feet away, dogs can reliably tell the difference 2 . a 4-inch object at body temperature and one at room temperature. The scientists identified a set of nerves in a dog’s nose 3 . appear to be responsible. The skin on a dog’s nose can absorb the tiny amount of infrared light leaking from a warm object, and the nerves inside the skin quickly sense that extra energy, 4 . (signal) to the brain that something warm is nearby.
1 . have published
2 . between
3 . that/which
4 . signaling
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现狗拥有在不接触身体的情况下感知体温的能力。
1. 考查动词时态。句意:在过去的几年里,隆德大学的研究人员发表了几篇关于狗在不接触身体的情况下感知体温的能力的论文。根据上文 “In the past few years” 可知应用现在完成时,主语为 researchers ,助动词用 have 。故填 have published 。
2. 考查介词。句意:他们的研究结果表明,在 5 英尺远的地方,狗狗们就能准确地分辨出一个 4 英寸高的物体在体温下和在室温下的区别。结合后文 “a 4-inch object at body temperature and one at room temperature” 表示 “ 在 …… 之间 ” 可知短语为 between…and… 。故填 between 。
3. 考查定语从句。句意:科学家们在狗的鼻子里发现了一组神经,它们似乎对此负责。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 nerves ,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词 that 或 which 引导。故填 that/which 。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意:狗鼻子上的皮肤可以吸收从温暖物体中渗出的微量红外光,皮肤内的神经很快就能感觉到额外的能量,向大脑发出信号,表明附近有温暖的物体。分析句子结构可知 signal 在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语 nerves 构成主动关系,故应用现在分词作状语。故填 signaling 。